Risk Factors Leading to Meconium Aspiration Syndrome in Meconium-Stained Amniotic Fluid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37762/jgmds.10-1.348Keywords:
Meconium aspiration syndrome, birth asphyxiaAbstract
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to find out the risk factors leading to meconium aspiration syndrome in patients having meconium-stained amniotic fluid.
METHODOLOGY
This comparative study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Hayatabad Medical Complex from January 2022- June 2022. All patients admitted to the labour ward with the diagnosis of meconium-stained liquor (MSL) were included in the study through a convenient sampling technique. Patients were divided into two groups, group 1 having only meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) without meconium aspiration syndrome while group 2 having babies with the diagnosis of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). Both groups were compared for different risk factors for the development of MAS. Differences in the risk factors between the two groups were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation with a p-value of <0.05 considered significant. SPSS vs 20 was used for statistical analysis.
RESULTS
84 patients were included in the study, i.e., 61 in group 1 and 23 in group 2. The mean age of the patients was 25± 3.45. The frequency of meconium-stained amniotic fluid was 3.83%. Meconium aspiration syndrome developed in 23 babies out of 84 MSAF deliveries (27.38%). Low APGAR score (< 0.00), patients handled outside the hospital (<0.001) and prolonged second stage (0.003) were significant risk factors for the development of MAS.
CONCLUSION
In the prolonged second stage, patients handled outside the hospital by unauthorized personnel and low APGAR score at birth were statistically significant risk factors for developing meconium aspiration syndrome.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Gebretsadik W, Degefa N, Getahun D, Kassie N. Determinants of Meconium-Stained Amniotic Fluid at Hadiya Zone Hospitals, Southern Ethiopia; Unmatched Case-Control Study. International Journal of Women’s Health. 2022 Sep 16;14:1351-60
Shrestha A, Singh SD, Tamrakar D. Associated factors and outcome of babies born through meconium stained amniotic fluid. Kathmandu Univ Med J. 2018 Jan 1;61(1):65-8
Monfredini C, Cavallin F, Villani PE, Paterlini G, Allais B, Trevisanuto D. Meconium aspiration syndrome: A narrative review. Children. 2021 Mar 17;8(3):230
Lemma K, Misker D, Kassa M, Abdulkadir H, Otayto K. Determinants of birth asphyxia among newborn live births in public hospitals of Gamo and Gofa zones, Southern Ethiopia. BMC pediatrics. 2022 Dec;22(1):1-3
Goel A, Nangia S. Meconium aspiration syndrome: challenges and solutions. Res Rep Neonatol. 2017 Aug 16;7(1):19-28
Tolu LB, Birara M, Teshome T, Feyissa GT. Perinatal outcome of meconium stained amniotic fluid among labouring mothers at teaching referral hospital in urban Ethiopia. PloS one. 2020 Nov 13;15(11):e0242025
Addisu D, Asres A, Gedefaw G, Asmer S. Prevalence of meconium stained amniotic fluid and its associated factors among women who gave birth at term in Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized referral hospital, North West Ethiopia: a facility based cross-sectional study. BMC pregnancy and childbirth. 2018 Dec;18(1):1-7
Fischer C, Rybakowski C, Ferdynus C, Sagot P, Gouyon JB. A population-based study of meconium aspiration syndrome in neonates born between 37 and 43 weeks of gestation. International journal of pediatrics. 2012 Jan 1;2012
Parween S, Prasad D, Poonam P, Ahmar R, Sinha A, Ranjana R. Impact of Meconium-Stained Amniotic Fluid on Neonatal Outcome in a Tertiary Hospital. Cureus. 2022 Apr 25;14(4).Kaoje AU, Labaran S, Magashi AG, Ango JT. Improving maternal and child health: a situational analysis of primary health care centres of Sokoto state, Nigeria. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2018;5:11
Chand S, Salman A, Abbassi RM, Siyal AR, Ahmed F, Leghari AL, Kabani AS, Ali S. Factors leading to meconium aspiration syndrome in term-and post-term neonates. Cureus. 2019 Sep 5;11(9)
Rovas L, Razbadauskas A, Boguziene E. Risk factors that can lead to development of meconium aspiration syndrome. Obstet Gynecol Int J. 2018;9(3):208-12
Joseph K, UdayKiran G, Reddy DR, Jain CS. Incidence of meconium aspiration syndrome and associated risk factors in babies born to mothers with meconium stained amniotic fluid. Int J Contemp Med Res. 2017;4(7):1457-61
Buzdar N. Factors leading to meconium aspiration syndrome in neonates. Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College. 2017 Dec 30;21(4):371-5
Mehta V, Adarsh E, Spoorthi Spoorthi, Archana Archana, Hassan M. Meconium-stained amniotic fluid as a risk factor for perinatal asphyxia. Int J Contemp Pediatr. 2019;6:325–328
Shah S, Van den Bergh R, Prinsloo JR, Rehman G, Bibi A, Shaeen N, Auat R, Daudi SM, Njenga JW, Khilji TB, Maïkéré J. Unregulated usage of labour-inducing medication in a region of Pakistan with poor drug regulatory control: characteristics and risk patterns. International health. 2016 Mar 1;8(2):89-95
Benny PS, Malani S, Hoby MA, Hutton JD. Meconium aspiration—role of obstetric factors and suction. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 1987 Feb;27(1):36-9
Choi W, Jeong H, Choi SJ, Oh SY, Kim JS, Roh CR, Kim JH. Risk factors differentiating mild/moderate from severe meconium aspiration syndrome in meconium-stained neonates. Obstetrics & gynecology science. 2015 Jan 16;58(1):24-31
Mohammad N, Jamal T, Sohaila A, Ali SR. Meconium stained liquor and its neonatal outcome. Pakistan journal of medical sciences. 2018 Nov;34(6):1392
Bhutani VK. Developing a systems approach to prevent meconium aspiration syndrome: lessons learned from multinational studies. Journal of Perinatology. 2008 Dec;28(3):S30-5
Yoder BA, Kirsch EA, Barth WH, et al. Changing obstetric practices associated with decreasing incidence of meconium aspiration syndrome. Obstet Gynecol. 2002;99(5 Pt 1):731–9
Dargaville PA, Copnell B. Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network. The epidemiology of meconium aspiration syndrome: incidence, risk factors, therapies, and outcome. Pediatrics. 2006 May;117(5):1712-21
Ross MG. Meconium aspiration syndrome—more than intrapartum meconium. New England Journal of Medicine. 2005 Sep 1;353(9):946-8
Paz Y, Solt I, Zimmer EZ. Variables associated with meconium aspiration syndrome in labors with thick meconium. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 2001 Jan 1;94(1):27-30
Fernández VR, y Cajal CN, Ortiz EM, Naveira EC. Intrapartum and perinatal results associated with different degrees of staining of meconium stained amniotic fluid. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. 2018 Sep 1;228:65-70
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Rukhsana Karim, Robina Akhtar, Nasreen Kishwar, Sadia Ali, Fatima Imran, Shamshad Begum, Tayyaba Azim
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
