A Methodical Approach to Scrutinize the Role of Body Mass Index in Heart Rate Increment and Recovery
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37762/jgmds.9-4.335Keywords:
Body mass index, Heart Rate, Heart Rate Increment, Heart Rate RecoveryAbstract
OBJECTIVES
Heart rate (HR) is a crucial health indicator and is also one of the health factors we need to pay explicit attention to. Body Mass Index (BMI) is considered a cofactor in heart-related issues like heart rate increment and recovery. Thus a study was conducted to determine the relationship between BMI and the rate of heart rate increment and recovery.
METHODOLOGY
24 participants aged 17-20 were examined during elliptical machine training once a week continuously for three months. Their regular resting heart rate and change in heart rate during and after the elliptical workout were recorded and compared with BMI.
RESULTS
The HR increments were noted alongside BMI for male participants below BMI 21.13, and female participants below BMI 20.16. The heart rate increment tempo decreases alongside the increased BMI for both sexes afterwards. The heart rate recovery (HRrecovery) for male participants falls with the BMI increase to ~25 and increases thereafter. The female participants show a differing trend: HRrecovery rates increase following BMI growth till BMI ~ 20 and then decrease parabolically till the maximum BMI among female participants. The findings suggest no linear and non-significant correlation between BMI and heart rate increment or HRrecovery. The coefficient of determination is too tiny (R2 = 0.1395 for males and R2 = 0.003 for females) to indicate the causation between BMIs and HRrecovry.
CONCLUSION
This is the first study scrutinizing the role of body mass index on heart rate increment and heart rate recovery. Thus BMI should not be used as the cofactor or risk for heart activity or impaired functions.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Capuano, V., et al., Correlation between body mass index and others risk factors for cardiovascular disease in women compared with men. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis, 2003. 60(4): p. 295-300
Gupta, R., et al., Younger age of escalation of cardiovascular risk factors in Asian Indian subjects. BMC Cardiovasc Disord, 2009. 9: p. 28
Wolde, T., Effects of caffeine on health and nutrition: A Review. Food Science and Quality Management, 2014. 30: p. 59-65
Valentini, M. and G. Parati, Variables influencing heart rate. Prog Cardiovasc Dis, 2009. 52(1): p. 11-9
Hurt, R.T., et al., The obesity epidemic: challenges, health initiatives, and implications for gastroenterologists. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y), 2010. 6(12): p. 780-92
Sikaris, K.A., The clinical biochemistry of obesity. The Clinical biochemist. Reviews, 2004. 25(3): p. 165-181
van de Vegte, Y.J., P. van der Harst, and N. Verweij, Heart Rate Recovery 10 Seconds After Cessation of Exercise Predicts Death. J Am Heart Assoc, 2018. 7(8)
Zhang, B., et al., High Resting Heart Rate and High BMI Predicted Severe Coronary Atherosclerosis Burden in Patients With Stable Angina Pectoris by SYNTAX Score. Angiology, 2018. 69(5): p. 380-386
Pinto, A.M., et al., A comparison of heart rate variability, n-3 PUFA status and lipid mediator profile in age- and BMI-matched middle-aged vegans and omnivores - CORRIGENDUM. Br J Nutr, 2017. 118(10): p. 877
Ninio DM, Hill AM, Howe PR, Buckley JD, Saint DA. Docosahexaenoic acid-rich fish oil improves heart rate variability and heart rate responses to exercise in overweight adults. British journal of nutrition. 2008 Nov;100(5):1097-103
Yadav RL, Yadav PK, Yadav LK, Agrawal K, Sah SK, Islam MN. Association between obesity and heart rate variability indices: an intuition toward cardiac autonomic alteration–a risk of CVD. Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity: targets and therapy. 2017;10:57
Kang SJ, Ha GC, Ko KJ. Association between resting heart rate, metabolic syndrome and cardiorespiratory fitness in Korean male adults. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness. 2017 Jun 1;15(1):27-31
Plaza-Florido A, Migueles JH, Mora-Gonzalez J, Molina-Garcia P, Rodriguez-Ayllon M, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Esteban-Cornejo I, Navarrete S, Maria Lozano R, Michels N, Sacha J. The role of heart rate on the associations between body composition and heart rate variability in children with overweight/obesity: The activebrains project. Frontiers in physiology. 2019 Jul 16;10:895
Ristić M, Đelić M. Correlation between level of adipocytokines with body composition and heart rate recovery indices. Medicinski podmladak. 2020;71(2):26-33
Burns KN, Sun K, Fobil JN, Neitzel RL. Heart rate, stress, and occupational noise exposure among electronic waste recycling workers. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2016 Jan;13(1):140
Kim HG, Cheon EJ, Bai DS, Lee YH, Koo BH. Stress and heart rate variability: A meta-analysis and review of the literature. Psychiatry investigation. 2018 Mar;15(3):235
Jung CC, Su HJ, Liang HH. Association between indoor air pollutant exposure and blood pressure and heart rate in subjects according to body mass index. Science of the Total Environment. 2016 Jan 1;539:271-6
Farah BQ, Andrade-Lima A, Germano-Soares AH, Christofaro DG, de Barros MV, do Prado WL, Ritti-Dias RM. Physical activity and heart rate variability in adolescents with abdominal obesity. Pediatric Cardiology. 2018 Mar;39(3):466-72
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Dr. Zaman, Yaoyuan Zhang, Muhammad Ilyas, Weng Yilin, Yiwen Su, Ashfaq Ahmad Shah Bukhari, Aousaf Ahmad
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
