Frequency and Risk Factors for Hematoma Formation Following Bone Marrow Biopsy in Patients with Severe and Very Severe Thrombocytopenia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37762/jgmds.12-3.723Keywords:
Bone marrow, Biopsy, Thrombocytopenia, Hematoma, Bleeding, Risk factors, PakistanAbstract
OBJECTIVES
To determine the frequency and risk factors of hematoma formation after bone marrow biopsy in patients with severe and very severe thrombocytopenia.
METHODOLOGY
This cross-sectional study was conducted at Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, from 1st April 2024 to 31st January 2025. Patients over the age of 18 years with severe and very severe thrombocytopenia who underwent bone marrow biopsy were included. Age, gender, clinical bleeding at presentation, history of bone marrow biopsy at the same site, body mass index, and platelet count at the time of biopsy were documented. Participants were screened for hematoma twenty-four hours after the procedure. Data analysis was carried out in SPSS.
RESULTS
Most patients had severe thrombocytopenia (60.3%, n = 132), while the remaining patients had very severe thrombocytopenia (39.7%, n = 87). Only eight patients (3.7%) developed a hematoma. Patients who had clinical bleeding (95% CI: 1.93 – 168.45; p = 0.011) and who had repeat biopsy from a site of previous biopsy (AOR: 18.03; 95% CI: 1.93 – 168.45; p = 0.011) were significantly more likely to develop hematoma. The development of hematoma was not influenced by age, gender, body mass index, or the severity of thrombocytopenia.
CONCLUSION
Hematoma formation after bone marrow biopsy is uncommon. Patients with clinical bleeding and previous biopsy at the same site have a higher risk. Factors like age, gender, body mass index, and severity of thrombocytopenia did not significantly impact hematoma formation. Prophylactic platelet transfusion before bone marrow biopsy may largely be unnecessary and can be avoided.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Ayesha Bangash, Fawad Rahim, Sheema Tariq, Khushal Nadir Hadi, Sobia Ahmed Qureshi, Ayesha Hamid, Gul E Lala Noman
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