Unveiling the Silent Epidemic of Uterine Prolapse: A Call For Better Family Planning
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37762/jgmds.12-4.760Keywords:
Uterine Prolapse, Multiparity, Family Planning, Contraception, Prevalence, PakistanAbstract
This study aimed to investigate the degree and distribution of uterine prolapse among women presenting with the illness.
METHODOLOGY
This study is a retrospective analysis of secondary data from the hospital medical records (HMIS) of Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan. A total of 298 patient records were reviewed using information from the hospital's electronic medical record system. The inclusion criteria include women with uterine prolapse, and, given consent, exclusion criteria include women with insufficient medical records and who have undergone hysterectomy. Histopathological reports were examined, including patient demographics (age) and clinical history (including parity and degree of prolapse). A statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25.
RESULTS
Among 298 patients with uterine prolapse, 90.6% had severe grades (Grade 3 or 4), with Grade 4 accounting for 68.8%. The majority were over 50 years old (79.2%), demonstrating a substantial link with postmenopausal status. Furthermore, 92.6% were grand multiparous, emphasizing high parity as a significant risk factor. Grand multiparous women and older age groups were more likely to have higher grades among the 298 patients. Age vs. Grading: χ² = 3.329, df = 12, p = 0.993; Parity vs. Grading: χ² = 4.195, df = 9, p = 0.898 did not, however, show statistical significance.
CONCLUSION
Older and grand multiparous women were the most likely to experience severe uterine prolapse, highlighting the significance of age and high parity as clinical risk factors. However, no statistically significant correlation was discovered. To alleviate the burden of uterine prolapse in low-resource settings, these findings underscore the importance of strengthening family planning services, early screening, and preventive measures.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Gao J, Li Y, Hou J, Wang Y. Unveiling the depths of pelvic organ prolapse: From risk factors to therapeutic methods. Exp Ther Med. 2024 Nov 8;29(1):11. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12761. PMID: 39503002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2024.12761
Ismail A, Bibi I. Unveiling pelvic floor health: Understanding awareness, perspectives and habits in Pakistani women of reproductive age. Pak J Health Sci. 2024 Jan 31;5(1):64-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v5i01.1239
Zumrutbas AE. Understanding pelvic organ prolapse: A comprehensive review of etiology, epidemiology, comorbidities, and evaluation. Soc Int Urol J. 2025 Feb 12;6(1):6. https://doi.org/10.3390/siuj6010006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/siuj6010006
Jokhio AH, Rizvi RM, MacArthur C. Prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse in women, associated factors and impact on quality of life in rural Pakistan: population-based study. BMC Womens Health. 2020 Apr 27;20(1):82. doi: 10.1186/s12905-020-00934-6. PMID: 32345271 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-020-00934-6
Elbiss HM, Rafaqat W, Khan KS. Prevalence of pelvic floor disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean region: A meta-analysis. Saudi Med J. 2023 Feb;44(2):128-36. https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2023.44.2.20220510. PMID: 36773973 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15537/smj.2023.44.2.20220510
Azam A, Latif UTN, Amjad M, Amjad K, Tajasar S, Naz R. Knowledge, attitude and practices of married women of reproductive age toward uterine prolapse. Pak J Med Health Sci. 2022 Dec;16(12):385. https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs20221612385 DOI: https://doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs20221612385
Merga A, Bidira K, Geda A, Nigatu D, Bayana E. Pelvic organ prolapse and its associated factors among women: A facility-based cross-sectional study. Inquiry. 2023 Dec;60:00469580231219155. https://doi.org/10.1177/00469580231219155. PMID: 38032054 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/00469580231219155
Borsamo A, Oumer M, Worku A, Asmare Y. Associated factors of pelvic organ prolapse among patients at public hospitals of Southern Ethiopia: A case-control study. PLoS One. 2023 Jan 18;18(1):e0278461. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278461. PMID: 36646863 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278461
Jelovsek JE, Maher C, Barber MD. Pelvic organ prolapse. Lancet. 2007 Mar 24;369(9566):1027-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60442-0. PMID: 17382829 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60462-0
Richter HE, Albo ME, Zyczynski HM, Kenton K, Norton P, Sirls LT, et al. Epidemiology and outcome assessment of pelvic organ prolapse. Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Mar;121(3):623-30. https://doi.org/10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182876a65. PMID: 23635627
Badacho AS, Lelu MA, Gelan Z, Woltamo DD. Uterine prolapse and associated factors among women attending gynecology OPD in Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2022 Jan 21;17(1):e0262077. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262077. PMID: 35061523 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262077
El-Shazly S, Abdelsalam A, Abdelghany A, Elsheikh A, Ibrahim S, Hassan R, et al. Determinants and symptom severity of pelvic organ prolapse. Egypt J Health Care. 2021;12(1):671-86. https://doi.org/10.21608/EJHC.2021.145421 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21608/ejhc.2021.145421
Yisma E, Dessalegn B, Astatkie A, Fiseha M. Prolonged labor and risk of pelvic organ prolapse in Ethiopian women. Int J Womens Health. 2013 Jul 17;5:489-94. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S43221. PMID: 23874084
Singh S, Sharma R, Sharma R, Mehta A, Dhankhar R, Gupta M. Clinical spectrum and management of uterine prolapse in women. Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol. 2024 Dec;51(12):1809-13. https://doi.org/10.31083/j.ceog5112280. PMID: 39715216 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31083/j.ceog5112280
Deshpande RR, Shadbolt C, Fraser M, Quinn S, Reid R, Maher PJ. Pelvic organ prolapse and health-related quality of life. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2023 Aug;5(8):101020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2023.101020. PMID: 37473958 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajogmf.2023.101020
Liang L, Wang Y, Zhou H, Yu Y, Zeng J, Yang X, et al. Risk factors of pelvic organ prolapse among Chinese women: A multicenter study. BMC Womens Health. 2024 Dec;24:618. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-024-03459-4. PMID: 39626563 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-024-03459-4
Mustafa Mikhail S, Ashkar M, El-Helw E, Ayyad A, Shalaby M, El-Nashar S, et al. Surgical outcomes of vaginal hysterectomy for uterine prolapse. Int Urogynecol J. 2024 Dec;35(12):2323-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-024-05849-6. PMID: 39049268 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-024-05849-6
Urdzík P, Holoman K, Cibula Z, Karolyi M, El Falougy H, Zahumensky J. Prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse in Slovak women: A multicenter study. BMC Womens Health. 2020 Oct 20;20(1):241. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-020-01105-3. PMID: 33076841 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-020-01105-3
Gagyor D, Klatte T, Kehl S, Kuon RJ, Huebner M. Pelvic floor symptoms and quality of life in women with pelvic organ prolapse. BMC Womens Health. 2021 Mar 22;21(1):72. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-021-01208-5. PMID: 33750359 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-021-01208-5
Nisar M, Nisar B, Nisar A. Incidence of common risk factors in patients with utero-vaginal prolapse. Adv Basic Med Sci. 2019;3(1)
Karim K, Khan A. Frequency of different stages of pelvic organ prolapse and factors leading to it. Natl J Health Sci. 2020;2(3):109-15 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21089/njhs.23.0109
Imran M, Yasmeen R. Barriers to family planning in Pakistan. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2020 Oct 4;32(4):588-91
Pasha K, Ali H. Modern vs. traditional family planning methods: The role of spousal communication in decision-making in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Reg Lens. 2025;4(1):16-23. https://doi.org/10.62997/rl.2025.41018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.62997/rl.2025.41018
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Bakhtawar kamal, Saima Yasin, Abbas Ghaffari, Shagufta Nasir Pervez, Bushra Nasib
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
