The Retrospective Comparison of Closed and Open Reduction in the Management of Zygomatic Complex Fracture
Keywords:
Facial Injuries, Zygomatic fracture, Etiology, Open Fracture Reduction, Clinical FindingsAbstract
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to determine the management and clinical outcomes of zygomaticomaxillary fractures (ZMC).
METHODOLOGY
This retrospective study was conducted from January 2023 to December 2024 in the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery at Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan. A total of 90 patients, including both genders, were selected. The diagnosis was made on the CT scan of the face. The data was collected from the hospital records. SPSS version 23.0 was used for data analysis. Chi-square statistics were used to assess the association between the treatment approach and the incidence of ZMC fractures, as well as the side of ZMC fractures, with a level of significance set at p < 0.05.
RESULTS:The mean age in this study was 35.54± 15.35 years. Males were 70(77.78%) and females were 20(22.22%). The dominant age group was 21-35 years, accounting for 32 (35.56%). The most common cause was RTA 41(45.56%) followed by fall 22(24.4%). Most fractures (64.4%) were managed through open reduction. Subconjunctival ecchymosis (55, 61.11%) was the most common clinical finding seen, followed by tenderness on the zygomatic buttress. Chi-square statistics revealed a statistically significant association (p < 0.001) between the treatment approach and the incidence of ZMC fractures and the side of ZMC fractures. Logistic regression identified closed reduction (AOR: 3.72, 95% CI: 1.21-11.47, p-value: 0.022) as a predictor of patients' aesthetic dissatisfaction.
CONCLUSION:The findings of this study concluded that the role of open reduction in displaced and comminuted fractures of the ZMC is in achieving superior aesthetic and functional outcomes.
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